the statistics

The American Civil War

• 1861 White Male Population: North – 20 million; South – 6 million
• 800,000 immigrants arrived in the North, betwee 1861 adn 1865, including a high proportion of males liable for military service
• 20 – 25 percent of the Union Army was foreign-born
• 2 million men served in the Union Army
• 750,000 men fought in the Confederate Army which was a maximum strenght in late 1863 with 464,500
• Not all of these men on either side were “present for duty.” Out of the 464,500 Confederates, only 233,500 were “present for duty.”
• Taxation produced less than 5% of the Confederacy’s income. It produced 21% of Union government income.
• The Confederacy printed $1.5 billion in paper money, the Union $450,000 in “greenbacks.”
• In 1860, the nothern states had 110,000 manufacturing establishments, the southern states, 18,000.
• During the year ending June 1, 1860, the states forming the Confederacy produced 36,790 tons of pig iron. The state of Pennsylvania alone produced 580,049 tons.
• The South contained 9,000 miles of railroad track to the North’s 30,000 miles.
• 100,000 Southern Unionists fought for the North with every Confederate state except South Carolina providing at least a battalion of white soldiers for the Union Army. Millett and Maslowski call these the “missing” Southern Army and “a crucial element in the ultimate Confederate defeat.

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Source: Allan R. Millett and Peter Maslowski, For the Common Defense: A Military History of the United States of America, (New York: The Free Press, 1994), 163-167.